SARAWAK'S Bidayuh people, known as the 'People of the Land', stand as custodians of a rich cultural legacy. Originating from Western Borneo, the Bidayuh's history is intertwined with the landscape, and their journey from ancestral settlements to modern-day dwellings tells a story of resilience, adaptation, and the enduring spirit of a community deeply connected to its roots.
ANCESTRAL ROOTS: BUNG BRATAK AND THE JAGOI-BRATAK SUB-GROUP
The history of the Bidayuh of Sarawak is rooted in Bung Bratak, the ancestral home of the Jagoi-Bratak sub-group. Situated on 'Bratak Hill', this sprawling settlement once boasted seven longhouses, a testament to the Bidayuh's migration from Mount Sungkong in West Kalimantan 700 years ago. However, on May 1, 1838, Bung Bratak faced adversity when hostiles from Skrang attacked, leading to the establishment of a new settlement known as Bung Jagoi.
MODERN DWELLING AND TRADITIONAL ECHOES: BIDAYUH IN CONTEMPORARY TIMES
Today, the Bidayuh predominantly reside within Kuching, Serian, Lundu, Bau, Penrissen, Padawan, and Siburan. Traditionally living in longhouses with a central roundhouse called Baruk for community gatherings, the Bidayuh have transitioned into individual houses made of wood or bamboo. Though modern houses of brick and mortar have replaced traditional abodes, efforts to preserve longhouses in Anah Rais, Bunuk, and Mongkos showcase a commitment to heritage conservation.
The linguistic diversity of the Bidayuh is as captivating as their history. With over 20 dialects spoken, including Biatah, Singai-Jagoi, and Bukar Sadong, the community's linguistic tapestry is a testament to its rich cultural mosaic. More than words, they are a living reflection of the Bidayuh heritage.
FAITH, TRADITIONS, AND CULINARY DELIGHTS: NAVIGATING CHANGE
Originally practitioners of paganism and animism, many Bidayuh embraced Christianity during the time of the Brookes. Despite this transformation, ancient traditions are symbolically observed during special occasions and Gawai celebrations. The Bidayuh have seamlessly blended old and new, practising traditional food preparation alongside modern culinary delights.
In towns and cities, the Bidayuh continue to uphold their cultural practices. Longhouses are not just a memory but a living heritage. Traditional dances, like Ngiyar and Brejang, still grace celebrations, and households proudly display woven baskets, winnowing trays, and fish traps as a homage to their ancestral craftsmanship.
A LEGACY PRESERVED: BIDAYUH'S COMMITMENT TO CULTURE
While many Bidayuh have embraced urban living and global career opportunities, their commitment to preserving culture remains unwavering. Efforts to sustain Gawai traditions, wear traditional costumes, and display ancestral crafts in modern homes are evidence of a community that cherishes its legacy.
In the bustling cities and tranquil villages, the Bidayuh continue to be the 'People of the Land,' not just in residence but in the unwavering commitment to safeguarding their unique cultural identity for generations to come.