IN the heart of Borneo lies a treasure trove of biodiversity, Sabah, a Malaysian state with ancient rainforests teeming with life.
These rainforests, which have existed for over 130 million years, are not only awe-inspiring but also a sanctuary for some of the world's most unique and endangered species. Here's a look at seven of Sabah's precious wildlife species.
BORNEO PYGMY ELEPHANT: GENTLE GIANTS OF THE JUNGLE
These smaller and more docile relatives of the Asian elephant are a delight to encounter in the Lower Kinabatangan, Central Sabah, and Tabin Ranges. Their longer tails and straighter tusks distinguish them from their larger cousins, but they face threats from poaching and habitat loss.
BORNEAN ORANGUTAN: SABAH'S PRIMATES CLOSE TO HUMANITY
Sharing 97 per cent of their DNA with humans, the critically endangered Bornean orangutans can be observed along the Kinabatangan River and at Sepilok Rehabilitation Centre. With an estimated 11,000 left in Sabah, these primates are fighting for survival against deforestation and hunting.
PROBOSCIS MONKEY: BORNEO'S UNIQUE TREE-DWELLERS
The proboscis monkey, known for its long nose and excellent swimming abilities, thrives in riverine and mangrove habitats. Though there are around 6,000 in Sabah, habitat loss and poaching continue to threaten their existence.
SUN BEAR: THE WORLD'S SMALLEST BEAR
At the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre in Sandakan, you can meet the smallest bear species. Their long tongues are perfect for reaching honey, a favourite treat, but these bears are vulnerable due to habitat loss and the illegal pet trade.
BANTENG: SABAH'S ENDANGERED WILD CATTLE
The Banteng is an elusive wild bovine with distinctive white stockings. According to Macaranga, there are between 300 to 500 Banteng left in the wild and struggling to survive in the face of poaching and habitat fragmentation.
SUNDA CLOUDED LEOPARD: THE ELUSIVE CAT OF THE JUNGLE
With only about 750 left in Sabah (according to Oxford University), the Sunda clouded leopard's long canines and cloud-shaped markings make it a mystical sight within the Tabin Wildlife Reserve and Danum Valley. However, deforestation and poaching pose significant threats.
SUNDA PANGOLIN: THE MOST TRAFFICKED MAMMAL
The pangolin, now critically endangered, is the most trafficked mammal worldwide, sought after for its meat and scales. Sabah's move to upgrade the Sunda Pangolin to a fully protected species in 2018 reflects a committed stance against its poaching and illegal trade.