SEOUL: South Korea on Friday announced a set of measures to remove the fundamental causes cited for drop in country’s birthrate, including the high cost of child-rearing and an increasing number of people opting not to have children, Yonhap news agency reported.
The roadmap was finalised as Kim Sang-hee, vice-chairwoman of a presidential committee aimed at tackling the low birthrate and ageing society, Health and Welfare Minister Park Neung-hoo and other ranking officials met earlier in the day to discuss critical issues facing the country.
The Ministry of Health and Welfare said the government’s new plan is to shift its policy paradigm to focus on improving the quality of life of every generation and tackling the problem over the long haul.
The ministry said the state will take charge of medical expenses for infants aged less than one-year starting next year.
The government plans to provide the same benefits to pre-school children by 2025, policymakers said.
Currently, the government pays a monthly subsidy to 90 per cent of families, excluding the top 10 per cent income bracket. The benefits do not cover some 25,000 children out of 2.53 million.
Starting next year, the benefit will expand to every household regardless of the parents’ income, with a long-term plan to increase the subsidies.
In an effort to help couples that have difficulty conceiving, the government will expand subsidies for infertility treatments.
The ministry said individuals will have to pay less than 30 per cent of medical costs for infertility treatments, including three sessions of artificial insemination and a maximum of four sessions of external fertilisation, starting next year.
Starting in the latter half of next year, parents with children younger than eight will be able to work one hour less every day so they can take care of their kids.
Also, paid paternity leave will be expanded to 10 days from the current three, officials said.
The government said it will also encourage more paternity leave, with a goal of improving the current rate from 13 per cent to 20 per cent.
More men are taking paternity leave nowadays, but their number still pales in comparison to that of women and the rate hovers well below other developed countries, officials here said.
The ministry said it will build more daycare centres with the goal of achieving the proportion of children using national and public kindergartens and childcare centres at 40 per cent next year.
President Moon Jae-in earlier set a goal to expand government support for parents with young children, vowing to more than triple the proportion of infants and toddlers looked after by publicly run centres within his term in office.
The number of babies born in the country fell to 80,400 during the third quarter of the year, down 9,200, or 10.3 per cent, from a year earlier, marking the lowest three-month tally since 1981.
Also, the country’s fertility rate, or the average number of babies that a woman is projected to have during her lifetime, dropped to 0.95 during the same period.
The rate came to a record-low of 1.05 last year, down 10.3 per cent from a year earlier. It marked the first time in 12 years since 2005 the rate fell below 1.10.
The rate is the lowest among the group of 34 mostly rich and industrialised nations in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.
The ministry forecasts the rate to drop below 1, warning the number of newborns could fall below 300,000 per year before 2022.
South Korea would become the only country with such a number. Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong have had a birthrate below 1 in the past but have now recovered.
In accordance with these goals, the ministry said the aim of achieving the rate of 1.5 by 2020 is not viable, with Seoul to focus on having 300,000 newborns every year instead.
The ministry said it will focus its policy shift on creating working environments that are conducive to women staying at work even if they have children.
“Discrimination against women in the workplace is still a serious problem in our society,” Lee said, noting childbirths often lead to the end of the occupational careers for female workers. --Bernama